{"id":691,"date":"2018-02-06T13:39:39","date_gmt":"2018-02-06T12:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.quisted.net\/?p=691"},"modified":"2018-02-06T13:39:39","modified_gmt":"2018-02-06T12:39:39","slug":"multicast-and-multicast-routing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/","title":{"rendered":"Multicast and Multicast Routing"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/#Unicast_vs_Multicast\" >Unicast vs Multicast<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/#Multicast_Addresses\" >Multicast Addresses<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/#Multicast_Routing\" >Multicast Routing<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/#Multicast_Routing-2\" >Multicast Routing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/#Mirrored_paths_with_Bidirectional_PIM\" >Mirrored paths with Bidirectional PIM<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/#Direct_Contact_with_Source_Specific\" >Direct Contact with Source Specific<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/2018\/02\/06\/multicast-and-multicast-routing\/#Finding_your_Rendezvous_Point\" >Finding your Rendezvous Point<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unicast_vs_Multicast\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Unicast vs Multicast<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Routed via <strong>PIM ( Protocol Independent Multicast ).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Always <strong>UDP-Based<\/strong> ( Video, Audiostreams, some kinds of data ).<\/li>\n<li>Typical network challenges ( QoS, Security, Bandwidth consumption).<\/li>\n<li>Began as a &#8216;speciality&#8217; technology, becoming heavily adopted in modern times.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multicast_Addresses\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Multicast Addresses<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Multicast group members receive all data center to a group.<\/li>\n<li>Multicast IPv4 Range: [ 224.0.0.0\u00a0 239.255.255.255 ]\n<ul>\n<li>Filtering tip:\n<ul>\n<li>Last 23 bits of IP mapped to MAC\n<ul>\n<li>Can lead to overlapping addresses<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multicast_Routing\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>Multicast Routing<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Routing based on source address.<\/li>\n<li>Multicast sources can just &#8216;start&#8217; transmitting.<\/li>\n<li>Routing is called reverse path forwarding ( <strong>RPF<\/strong> ).<\/li>\n<li>Clients jump into a stream with a <em>JOIN<\/em> Message.<\/li>\n<li>(S,G) Pair\n<ul>\n<li>Source, Group<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Shortest Path Tree (SPT), eats resources, shortest path<\/li>\n<li>Shared Tree &#8211; Uses rendezvous point ( RP) less resources, sub-optimal paths<\/li>\n<li>Switches flood multicast by default<\/li>\n<li>Add IGMP Snooping<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multicast_Routing-2\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>Multicast Routing<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Only modes use to be PIM SparseMode and PIM DenseMode<\/li>\n<li>PIM-Sparsemode\n<ul>\n<li>Uses a rendezvous point ( usually a router )\n<ul>\n<li>Rendezvous points uses a shared tree.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Isn&#8217;t flooded but requested<\/li>\n<li>PIM-SM is now PIM Any-source Multicast. Uses a Shared Tree , Source tree combo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>PIM-DenseMode\n<ul>\n<li>Floods the network<\/li>\n<li>Prune messages from sources to cut the stream<\/li>\n<li>A lot of multicast sources can impact the network<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mirrored_paths_with_Bidirectional_PIM\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Mirrored paths with Bidirectional PIM<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Used for things like Teleconferences<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rendezvous Point ( RP )<\/strong> is selected and everything is routing through it<\/li>\n<li><strong>( * , G )<\/strong> is used for all traffic<\/li>\n<li>Only shared tree is used<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Direct_Contact_with_Source_Specific\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Direct Contact with Source Specific<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Multicast receiver gets server address from outside source<\/li>\n<li>Outside source delivers (S,G) Pair<\/li>\n<li>Requires requesters to use IGMP V3 ( asks for S,G instead of just G )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Finding_your_Rendezvous_Point\"><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Finding your Rendezvous Point<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anycast<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>IPv6 method works for IPv4 ( DNS \/ Multicast ).<\/li>\n<li>Assign the same address and let the routing table figure it out who is close.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Static RP<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Auto RP<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Cisco Proprietary<\/li>\n<li>Holds election for C-RP ( Canidate Rendezvous Points)\n<ul>\n<li>uses <strong>224.0.1.39 <\/strong>for the election<\/li>\n<li><strong>Highest IP address<\/strong> wins<\/li>\n<li>the router will announce it&#8217;s the canidate to <strong>224.0.1.40<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bootstrap Router<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Industry standard method implementing Auto RP<\/li>\n<li>Holds an election\n<ul>\n<li>Canidate Boostrap Router<\/li>\n<li>Priority is configured on C-RP. The C-BSTR sends the list of C-RP<\/li>\n<li>The other router figure out which C-RP to use based on a hashing algorithm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Unicast vs Multicast Routed via PIM ( Protocol Independent Multicast ). Always UDP-Based ( Video, Audiostreams, some kinds of data ). Typical network challenges ( QoS, Security, Bandwidth consumption). Began as a &#8216;speciality&#8217; technology, becoming heavily adopted in modern times. Multicast Addresses Multicast group members receive all data center to a group. Multicast IPv4 Range: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,5],"tags":[36,67,76,81,82,91],"class_list":["post-691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arc","category-designprinciples","tag-dense","tag-multicast","tag-pim","tag-rp","tag-rpf","tag-sparse"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=691"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quisted.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}